ROTATION AND REVOLUTION OF EARTH
ROTATION OF THE EARTH
Suppose, if we spin a top, it rotates around its pointed end.
Just like the top, our earth also moves all the time spinning on its own axis, from west to east.
Axis and Rotation
The imaginary line passes through the north and south pole of the Earth is called the axis of rotation.
The spinning movement of the Earth is called rotation.
The earth completes one rotation on its axis in 24 hours (i.e. one day and one night).
As the earth rotates from west to east, the sun seems to rise in the east and set in the west.
FACTS ABOUT THEWEATHER
Weather is a condition of the atmosphere.
Our day may start bright and sunny but soon it may turn out to be windy or cloudy. This is called a change in weather.
Weather keeps on changing and the facts about the weather changes depends on the sun, wind, clouds and rain.
SUNNY WEATHER
· The position of the sun in the sky affects weather. Days are usually hotter than nights.
· At noon, when the sun is over our head the weather is the hottest. The rays of the sun are falling directly.
· A bright sunshine indicates sunny weather.
WINDY WEATHER:
· We know moving air is called wind. When the wind blows gently, the weather is said to be breezy.
· Strong wind causes windy weather.
· Very strong winds cause stormy weather. This usually causes damage to life and property.
· In summer, the wind is hot or warm so we feel hot and sweaty.
· In winter, we feel cold as the wind is also cold.
CLOUDY WEATHER
· When the skies are full of clouds, the weather is said to be cloudy.
· Only grey/dark clouds bring rain.
· On cloudy days, the rays of the sun cannot reach the land. So, the weather is cooler on cloudy days than on sunny days.
RAINY WEATHER
· During rainy weather, the air becomes cool and humid.
WEATHER FORECAST
Nowadays, Satellites help us to get advance information about the weather. We The information is called the weather forecast.
Newspapers, radios and television update us about the weather. This information is very useful for farmers, pilots, sailors and fishermen who live near the seashore.
REVOLVING MOTION OF THE EARTH
Apart from the earth rotating on its axis, the Earth also revolves around the sun.
The movement of the earth around the sun is called revolution of the earth.
The earth takes about 365 days/one year for one complete revolution around the sun.
During one complete revolution, there are a lot of changes in the seasons.
FACTS ABOUT THE SEASONS
SUMMER SEASON:
· Summer season lasts from April to June.
· The weather in summer season is majorly dry.
· Days are long, while the nights are short.
· During Summer season, the weather is hotter in the plains than in the hilly regions.
· We like to wear loose cotton clothes which can keep us cool.
MONSOON SEASON:
· Monsoon season lasts from July to September.
· The weather is cool, humid and sometimes the wind blows strongly.
· Rain brings relief to farmers. Most of the rivers, ponds, lakes, wells and streams get filled up again with water.
· We use raincoats, umbrellas and gumboots.
WINTER SEASON:
· Winter season lasts from November to February.
· Days are short, while nights are long. It’s cold the whole day.
· We wear woolen clothes to keep us warm.
· We also enjoy hot drinks like coffee, tea, soups, etc. during winter.
SPRING SEASON
· March is the considered as the season of spring.
· It is neither too hot nor too cold.
· The weather is pleasant.
· Lots of flowers bloom.
· Fields are full of new crops.
· It is also a harvest season.
AUTUMN SEASON
· October is a considered the autumn season.
· The weather is dry and hot with a few rain showers.
· Trees shed their leaves in this season.
